After John Dryden's long poem "The Deer and the Leopard" was published in 1687, it was highly controversial due to its author's conversion from Catholicism. After re examining the value of this poem, the academic community gradually recognized its unique position in the poetry of the Restoration period. The poem portrays the differences between Catholicism and Protestantism through the dialogue between a deer and a leopard, while also using animal fables to express political criticism. This technique is of great significance in English literature during the Restoration period.